The Mount Rainier circumnavigation, also known as the Wonderland Trail, is a challenging 93-mile loop around Washington’s iconic peak. This strenuous trek offers breathtaking views, diverse ecosystems, and a true wilderness experience. With 24,000 feet of elevation gain, hikers traverse through lowland forests, subalpine meadows, and glacial landscapes. The trail requires careful planning, proper gear, and a wilderness permit for overnight stays.
What is the Wonderland Trail?
The Wonderland Trail is a 93-mile loop that encircles Mount Rainier, offering hikers a comprehensive experience of the diverse landscapes within Mount Rainier National Park. This iconic trail showcases the mountain from all angles, passing through various life zones and providing stunning views of glaciers, waterfalls, and alpine meadows.
Key features of the Wonderland Trail include:
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Total distance: 93 miles
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Elevation gain: 24,000 feet
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Highest point: Panhandle Gap at 6,800 feet
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Lowest point: Ipsut Creek at 2,450 feet
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Average time to complete: 10-14 days
What are the Trail Conditions and Terrain Like?
The Wonderland Trail is known for its rugged and varied terrain. Hikers can expect to encounter:
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Steep ascents and descents
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River and creek crossings
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Rocky ridgelines
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Dense forests
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Alpine meadows
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Glacial moraines
Daily elevation changes can exceed 3,500 feet, making this trail particularly challenging. The terrain varies significantly, from well-maintained paths to more primitive sections that may require careful navigation.
How Do I Obtain a Permit for the Mount Rainier Circumnavigation?
Securing a permit is crucial for overnight stays on the Wonderland Trail. Here’s what you need to know:
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All backcountry camping requires a Wilderness Permit
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Permits can be obtained at various locations within the park:
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Longmire Wilderness Information Center
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Longmire Museum
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Carbon River entrance
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Apply well in advance, especially for peak season (mid-July to early September)
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There are quotas in place to manage the number of hikers
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Fees typically include a reservation fee and a camping fee
It’s recommended to check the National Park Service website for the most up-to-date information on permit processes and fees.
What are the Best Access Points and Parking Options?
Several trailheads provide access to the Wonderland Trail, each offering parking facilities:
|
Trailhead |
Location |
Facilities |
|---|---|---|
|
Longmire |
Southwest |
Visitor center, parking |
|
Paradise |
South |
Large parking area, visitor center |
|
Sunrise |
Northeast |
Parking lot, day lodge |
|
Mowich Lake |
Northwest |
Primitive campground, limited parking |
|
Box Canyon |
Southeast |
Small parking area |
Choose your starting point based on permit availability, desired direction of travel, and personal preferences for scenery.
Where Can I Find Water and Campsites Along the Route?
Water sources are plentiful along the Wonderland Trail, but proper treatment is essential:
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Streams, rivers, and lakes are available for water collection
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Bring a reliable water filter or purification method
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Some campsites have nearby creeks for convenient water access
Designated campsites are located at regular intervals:
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South Puyallup
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Golden Lakes
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Mowich Lake
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Mystic Lake
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Sunrise
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Summerland
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Nickel Creek
These campsites are typically small but well-maintained by park staff. While they may not always offer expansive views, they provide necessary facilities for overnight stays.
What Weather Conditions Should I Expect?
Weather on the Wonderland Trail can be unpredictable and extreme:
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Rapid changes in conditions are common
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Be prepared for mud, rain, sun, and potentially snow, even in summer
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Early snowstorms can occur in September
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Late snow melt may affect trail conditions in June and July
Pack appropriate gear for all weather scenarios, including waterproof and insulating layers.
How Difficult is the Mount Rainier Circumnavigation?
The Wonderland Trail is rated as strenuous due to several factors:
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Significant daily elevation changes
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Rugged terrain and potentially hazardous conditions
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Long distances between resupply points
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Unpredictable weather
Most hikers aim for 7-10 miles per day, which typically results in a 10-14 day journey. Physical fitness and hiking experience are crucial for a safe and enjoyable trip.
What Gear is Essential for the Wonderland Trail?
Proper gear is vital for a successful Mount Rainier circumnavigation. Essential items include:
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Sturdy, broken-in hiking boots
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Trekking poles for stability and river crossings
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High-quality rain gear
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Warm layers for cold nights and high elevations
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Reliable water filtration system
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Bear-resistant food storage container
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First aid kit
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Navigation tools (map, compass, and possibly GPS)
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Ice axe (for early season hikes with snow)
Lightweight gear is preferable due to the strenuous nature of the trail, but don’t sacrifice safety for weight savings.
How Should I Plan My Itinerary?
Planning a Mount Rainier circumnavigation requires careful consideration:
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Determine your starting point based on permit availability and preferences
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Plan for 7-10 miles per day, depending on your fitness level
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Factor in rest days or shorter days for challenging sections
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Consider clockwise vs. counterclockwise direction (clockwise is more popular)
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Plan food resupply points if attempting the full circuit
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Allow flexibility for weather delays or unexpected challenges
A sample 10-day itinerary might look like this:
|
Day |
Start |
End |
Miles |
|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
Longmire |
Devils Dream |
7.5 |
|
2 |
Devils Dream |
Klapatche Park |
8.5 |
|
3 |
Klapatche Park |
Golden Lakes |
8.7 |
|
4 |
Golden Lakes |
Mowich Lake |
9.2 |
|
5 |
Mowich Lake |
Carbon River |
7.8 |
|
6 |
Carbon River |
Mystic Lake |
8.5 |
|
7 |
Mystic Lake |
Sunrise |
9.3 |
|
8 |
Sunrise |
Indian Bar |
9.1 |
|
9 |
Indian Bar |
Nickel Creek |
8.9 |
|
10 |
Nickel Creek |
Longmire |
7.5 |
Remember that this is just a sample, and your actual itinerary should be tailored to your permit, fitness level, and trail conditions.
What Wildlife Might I Encounter?
The Wonderland Trail offers opportunities to observe diverse wildlife:
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Black bears (proper food storage is crucial)
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Mountain goats
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Marmots
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Pikas
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Various bird species
Always maintain a safe distance from wildlife and follow park guidelines for animal encounters.
By thoroughly preparing for the challenges of the Mount Rainier circumnavigation, hikers can experience one of the most rewarding and scenic treks in the United States. The Wonderland Trail lives up to its name, offering a truly wonderful journey through the varied landscapes of Mount Rainier National Park.
References:
1.
NW Dirt Churners: Mt. Rainier Circumnavigation (Wonderland Trail)
2.
National Park Service: Trails and Backcountry Camp Conditions – Mount Rainier National Park
3.
Visit Rainier: Hiking the Wonderland Trail around Mt. Rainier